LEAD IN SOIL AT A FORMER SHOOTING RANGE IN PRINCE GALLITZIN STATE PARK, PENNSYLVANIA

Publication Type Journal Article

Publication Year 2026

Author(s) Nicholas R. Scelsi, Mitzy L. Schaney and Christopher R. Schaney

Journal Name The Pennsylvania Geographer

Volume, Issue 63, 2

Pagination 17-33

Article Type Paper

DOI https://doi.org/10.66518/QRBN8565

Keywords: lead pollution, shooting range, lead leaching, shot count, soil contamination

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Abstract:  Lead used as ammunition is a primary pathway for its introduction and dispersal into

an ecosystem. Natural weathering processes break down lead pellets initiating leaching

down the soil column. This study analyzed the presence of lead in soils at an old

shooting range and compared results to a previous study, conducted eight years prior,

to monitor downward migration through the soil column and downslope. Soil samples

were collected at 10 locations; three samples at each location (surface litter, topsoil,

and subsoil) and were analyzed for arsenic, antimony, and lead. Soil samples were

also sieved for shot counts; size and condition of pellets were recorded noting oxidation

crusts which indicates weathering. Trace metals concentrations were high enough

to indicate a potential environmental and human health hazard. Soil samples tested

had concentrations up to 2,740 mg/kg for arsenic, up to 188,000 mg/kg for lead, and

up to 9,760 for antimony. Comparison with a previous study from 2015 indicated an

increase in all three heavy metals concentrations, suggesting ongoing leaching of lead

shot within the study area.